SQ3R: Active Reading for Better Comprehension

You can improve concentration and comprehension by keeping your mind actively engaged through inquiry-based reading. The SQ3R method, introduced by Francis Pleasant Robinson in 1946, has helped countless students understand what they read in their textbooks.

SQ3R stands for Survey, Question, Read, Recall, and Review. Below we help you learn how to use SQ3R to improve your reading comprehension.

Survey

Survey (or skim) the chapter to identify main ideas.
2 minutes

• Consider the title
• Read the introduction or summary
• Review boldface headings and subheadings
• Look over graphics (charts, maps, diagrams, etc.) and read captions
• Find reading aids – italics, bolding, chapter objective, review questions, vocabulary words, etc.

Question

Formulate questions as you survey.
30 seconds per title, subhead, etc

• Fold a piece of paper lengthwise. On the left side, write questions that ask what the chapter and sections are about
• For best results, make sure questions are written in your own words

Read

Answer your questions as you read each section.
at your own pace

• In your own words, answer questions on the right side of your paper. Focus on key phrases that summarize major points or main ideas
• Stop at the end of each section to recite the answers (see next step)

Recall

Recall (or recite) the answers for each section.
30 seconds per title, subhead, etc.

• After reading a section, stop to answer each question from memory. If needed, look at the answer
• Once you can correctly recite all answers, and clearly understand the major points, go on to the next section

Review

Test yourself while reviewing all main points.
less than 5 minutes

• After finishing the entire chapter, wait a day. Then try to answer all of your questions
• Continue to review daily or weekly until you know the material

Think! Sure, you can look at all the words and claim, “I read the chapter.” While technically true, if you can’t recall the material, you’ve just wasted your time. Try SQ3R and train your brain to learn.

Go To The Head Of The Class! Follow the SQ3R method before the chapter is taught to improve your focus in class. Then use the lecture to clarify concepts for more in-depth understanding.